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Wireless Power Transmission Presented by
Shubham Jain
0809010094
Department of Computer Science Engineering
IEC College of Engineering and Technology, Gr.Noida |
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Overview What is wireless power transmission(WPT)?
Why is WPT?
1940’s to Present
Microwave transmission
Rectenna
Applications
Space-based solar power
SPS 2000
Advantages
Conclusion
References
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What is WPT? The transmission of energy from one place to another without using wires
Conventional energy transfer is using wires
As per studies, most electrical energy transfer is through wires.
Most of the energy loss is during transmission
On an average, more than 30%
In India, it exceeds 40%
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Why WPT? Reliable
Efficient
Fast
Low maintenance cost
Can be used for short-range or long-range. 4/22/2011 Wireless Power Transmission 4 |
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1940’s to Present World War II developed ability to convert energy to microwaves using a magnetron, no method for converting microwaves back to electricity
1964 William C. Brown demonstrated a rectenna which could convert microwave power to electricity |
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Microwave transmission Microwave transmission refers to the technology of transmitting information by the use of radio waves whose wavelengths are conveniently measured in small numbers of centimeters; these are called microwaves.
This part of the radio spectrum ranges across frequencies of roughly 1.0 gigahertz (GHz) to 30 GHz.
These correspond to wavelengths from 30 centimeters down to 1.0 cm. |
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Microwave Power Transfer(MPT) Cont.
Transfers high power from one place to another. Two places being in line of sight usually
Steps:
Electrical energy to microwave energy
Capturing microwaves using rectenna
Microwave energy to electrical energy 4/22/2011 Wireless Power Transmission 7 |
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MP T (cont.…) AC can not be directly converted to microwave energy
AC is converted to DC first
DC is converted to microwaves using magnetron
Transmitted waves are received at rectenna which rectifies, gives DC as the output
DC is converted back to AC 4/22/2011 Wireless Power Transmission 8 |
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Rectenna “An antenna comprising a mesh of dipoles and diodes for absorbing microwave energy from a transmitter and converting it into electric power.”
Microwaves are received with about 85% efficiency.
Around 5km across (3.1 miles)
95% of the beam will fall on the rectenna. |
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5,000 MW Receiving Station (Rectenna). This station is about a mile and a half long in US. |
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Space-based solar power
1968’s idea for Solar Power Satellites proposed by Peter Glaser
Would use microwaves to transmit power to Earth from Solar Powered Satellites
To efficiently make use of renewable energy i.e., solar energy
Solar Powered Satellites are placed in geostationary orbits 4/22/2011 Wireless Power Transmission 12 |
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From the Satellite Solar power from the satellite is sent to Earth using a microwave transmitter
Received at a “rectenna” located on Earth |
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Possible Designs |
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Advantages over Earth based solar power More intense sunlight
In geosynchronous orbit, 36,000 km (22,369 miles) an SPS would be illuminated over 99% of the time
No need for costly storage devices for when the sun is not in view
Only a few days at spring and fall equinox would the satellite be in shadow |
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Other projects Alaska’21
Grand Bassin
Hawaii 4/22/2011 Wireless Power Transmission 17 |
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Current Developments |
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Details Project in Development in Japan
Goal is to build a low cost demonstration model by 2025
8 Countries along the equator have agreed to be the site of a rectenna |
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Continued 10 MW satellite delivering microwave power
Will not be in geosynchronous orbit, instead low orbit 1100 km (683 miles)
Much cheaper to put a satellite in low orbit
200 seconds of power on each pass over rectenna |
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Advantages of Wireless energy transfer Efficient
Easy
Need for grids, substations etc are eliminated
Low maintenance cost
More effective when the transmitting and receiving points are along a line-of-sight
Can reach the places which are remote 4/22/2011 Wireless Power Transmission 23 |
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Conclusions More reliable than Traditional power
In order for WPT to become a reality it several things have to happen:
Government support
Cheaper launch prices
Involvement of the private sector
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References S. Sheik Mohammed, K. Ramasamy, T. Shanmuganantham,” Wireless power transmission – a next generation power transmission system”, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) (Volume 1 – No. 13)
Peter Vaessen,” Wireless Power Transmission”, Leonardo Energy, September 2009
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Contact: Shubham Jain
Email: shubh000007@gmail.com
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THANK YOU! 4/22/2011 Wireless Power Transmission 27 |
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