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A SEMINAR ON BIOMETRICS PRESENTED BY:
MANISHA PRASAD
COMPUTER SCIENCE
FINAL YEAR
ROLL NO. 62
UNI. NO. 0106313017 |
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BIOMETRICS The nuisance of forgotten passwords is gone biometrics arrives |
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DEFINING THE BIOMETRICS
It refers to the automatic identification of a person based on his/her physiological or behavioral characteristics.
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Why the Interest in Biometrics? Convenient
Passwords are not user-friendly
Perceived as more secure
May actually be more secure
May be useful as a deterrent
Passive identification
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Biometrics Today Fingerprints
Retina Prints
Face Prints
DNA Identification
Voice Prints
Palm Prints
Handwriting Analysis
Odor
Etc… |
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DESIRED PROPERTIES OF CHARACTERISTIC Uniqueness : No two persons should share it
Universality : Everyone should have it.
Permanence: It should be invariant.
Collectability: It should be practical to measure
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BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM It is made up of:
A sensor record the biometric traits.
A computer unit to process .
An application, for which the user’s authentication is needed.
The processing unit comprises :
Feature extraction unit
Matcher
Decision unit |
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SENSORS Recording & converting biometric traits to computer usable data ,sensors are needed. e.g.. Fingerprint verification. |
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IDENTIFICATION Search a sample against a database of templates.
Typical application: identifying fingerprints ? |
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VERIFICATION Compare a sample against a single stored template
Typical application: voice lock ? |
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Practical applications FACE RECOGNITION HAND-GEOMETRY FINGER-PRINT IRIS RECOGNITION |
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APPLICATIONS Forensics :criminal identification & person security.
Prevent unauthorized access: to ATMs, cellular phones, smart cards, PCs, workstation, network.
Automobiles: keyless entry & keyless ignition |
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Finger-scan A live acquisition of a person’s fingerprint.
Image Acquisition ? Image Processing ? Template Creation ? Template Matching
Acquisition Devices:
Glass plate
Electronic
Ultrasound |
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FEATURES Strengths:
don’t change over time
Unique
Weaknesses: Scars
Attacks:
Finger Decapitation
“Gummy fingers”
Corruption of the database
Surgery to alter |
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Iris Scan Image Acquisition ? Image Processing ? Template Creation ? Template Matching
Uses to date:
Physical access control
Computer authentication |
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FEATURES Strengths:
300+ characteristics; 200 required for match
Weaknesses:
Fear
Discomfort
Algorithms may not work on all individuals
No large databases
Attacks:
Surgery (Minority Report ) |
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Hand Scan Typical systems measure 90 different features:
Overall hand and finger width
Distance between joints
Bone structure
Strengths:
Reasonably robust systems
Weaknesses:
Accuracy is limited;
Bulky scanner |
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DNA IDENTIFICATION
Widely accepted for crime scenes
Twin problem |
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2003 comparative share |
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Biometrics and Privacy Long association of biometrics with crime-fighting
Biometrics collected for one purpose can be used for another |
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CONCLUSION
Trust in these electronic transactions is essential to the healthy growth of the global economy.
Finger scan, voice authentication and signature verification are the three fastest-growing segments .Imagine a secure world without passwords.
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